Antonyms, Expressing will, The interrogative clause - Japanese Grammar Basic Lessons and Rules for Beginners and Intermediate Level Free Online

·         Antonyms
 
ひろい ßà せまい hiroi- semai     wide - narrow

たかい ßà ひくい  takai- hikui    high/big – low/small

たのしい ßà かなしい  tanoshii- kanashii  happy - sad

ふとい ßà ほそい  futoi- hosoi    fat - slender

おいしい ßà まずい     oishii- warui    good - bad (taste) 

みじかい ßà ながい     mijikai- nagai    short - long




大きい ßà 小さい ookii- chiisai  big -  little




やすい ßà たかい   yasui-  takai   cheap - expensive

あつい ßà つめたい atsui  - tsumetai    hot - cold

まえ ßà あと           mae – atto     before - after

のる ßà おりる           noru – oriru   to climb – to descend

 
·         Expressing will

Vb  +  つもり です                      -   tsumori  desu  / I have the intention
                           では ありません -   tsumori dewa arimasen / I do not have the intention

  
Ex:

にほん へ いく つもりです Nihon e iku tsumori desu.
 I have the intention to go to Japan.
にほん へ いく つもり では ありません . Nihon e iku tsumori dewa arimasen
 I don’t have the intention of going to Japan.

·         The interrogative clause かどうか  /  Kadoka

-          If there are two interrogative clauses which suggest two alternative options, the second clause is removed and replaced with the interrogative adverb
どう/ Do, followed by the interrogative particle / Ka

Ex:
 マリアさん も いく かいかない か しりません
 Maria san mo iku ka, ikanai ka shirimasen
                   I don’t know if Mary goes or she doesn’t.
Ø      マリア さん も いく かどうか , しりません
                   Maria san mo iku kadouka, shirimasen

       I don’t know if Mary goes or not.

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